Stress fractures

Stress fractures are tiny cracks or severe bruising within a bone, commonly occurring in the weight-bearing bones of the lower leg and foot due to repetitive stress or overuse.

These injuries are common among athletes, especially runners and dancers, but can also affect individuals with weakened bones. These overuse injuries often cause pain during activity that often gets ignored until it gradually worsens. If you are experiencing symptoms, make an appointment with Dr. Aaron Bradley to assess the source of your pain.

Risk Factors:

Several factors may increase the risk of developing stress fractures, including:

Overuse: Engaging in high-impact activities without proper rest periods.

Sudden increase in activity: Rapidly escalating the intensity, duration, or frequency of exercise.

Improper footwear: Wearing shoes that don't provide enough support or cushioning.

Bone density issues: Conditions like osteoporosis can increase the risk of stress fractures.

Nutritional deficiencies: Inadequate intake of calcium and Vitamin D can weaken bones.

Female athlete triad: Combination of disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis in female athletes.

Treatment:

Treatment for stress factors may include

Rest: Avoid activities that exacerbate the pain and give the bone time to heal.

Immobilization: Wearing a cast, walking boot, or using crutches to reduce weight-bearing on the affected bone.

Ice and elevation: Applying ice packs and keeping the affected foot elevated can help reduce swelling.

Pain management: Over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications may be recommended.

Physical therapy: Once the fracture begins to heal, targeted exercises can help restore strength and flexibility.

Symptoms:

Common symptoms of stress fractures include:

Pain: Gradual onset of localized pain that worsens with weight-bearing activities.

Swelling: Tenderness and swelling in the affected area.

Bruising: Some individuals may experience bruising over the site of the stress fracture.

Changes in gait: Limping or altering the way you walk to avoid putting weight on the affected foot.

Diagnosis:

Stress fractures is typically diagnosed based on:

Physical examination: Your podiatrist will assess your symptoms, pain level, and range of motion.

Imaging tests: X-rays, MRI, or bone scans can help confirm the presence of a stress fracture.

Bone stimulator: In some cases, an ultrasound may be used to detect stress fractures.

Prevention:

To prevent stress fractures or reduce the risk of recurrence, you can:

Gradual progression: Increase exercise intensity and duration slowly.

Proper footwear: Wear supportive shoes appropriate for your activity.

Cross-training: Incorporate low-impact activities into your routine to reduce stress on specific bones.

Nutritious diet: Ensure you're getting enough calcium, Vitamin D, and other essential nutrients for bone health.

  • It's important to rest and allow the bone to heal properly to avoid complications.

  • Healing time varies but typically ranges from 6-8 weeks with proper treatment.

  • With proper rest, rehabilitation, and preventive measures, the risk of recurrence can be minimized.